os module
Python module for operating system interactions (files, folders).
os.path.isdir()
Check if a path is an existing directory.
os.mkdir()
Create a new directory.
Default Parameter
Function parameter with a pre-set value if not provided.
Return Value
The value a function sends back using return.
math.ceil()
Round a number UP to the next integer.
Docstring
Triple-quoted string documenting a module/function.
__doc__
Special attribute containing the docstring.
random.choice()
Pick a random element from a sequence.
Type Conversion
Changing data from one type to another (str, int, float).
try/except/finally
Error handling with guaranteed cleanup code.
Format String
f-strings or .format() for inserting values into strings.
